Air cooling system for explosion engines



D '23, 1924, LEZQfiZZ A. A. H. TESSERANT AIR COOLING SYSTEM FOR EXPLOSION ENGINES Filed Aug 8, 1922 3 she-aets Sheei 1 Fig.

IA/VENTO? 4 5 11: E". H. Tis'sswamr A. A; H. TISSERANT AIR COOLING SYSTEM FOR EXPLOSION ENGINES Filed Aug. 8, 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet z Figlf MINI IIIHHHHH! llflllllllllllllllllllllllll /N MEN TOR l iususre Hu l. T/sssm A/ A. A. H. TISSERANT AIR COOLING SYSTEM FOR EXPLOSION ENGINES Filed Aug. 8, 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Patented Dec. 23, 1924.

UNirsn ,srarns PATENT (OFFICE.

AUGUSTE ALBERT HONORE TISSERANT, ST. CLOUD, FRANCE. AIR COOLING SYSTEM FOR EXPLOSION ENGINES.

Application filed August 8, 1922. Serial No. 680,552.

1 '0 all whom it ma concern:

Be it known that I, AUGUSTE ALBERT Honour: TIssERANT, a citizen of the French Republic, and a resident of St. Cloud, De-

6 partment of Seine and ()ise, France, have invented new and useful Im rovements in an Air Cooling System for xplosion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

10 My present invention relates to air cool- -ing systems for explosion engines, more particularly for engines with vertical cylinders serving to effect the propulsion of automobile vehicles, .air craft and the like.

My improved system is of the type in which a fan driven by the engine and placed at the upper front part of the vehicle, delivers a current of air upon the cylinders, and in which a single casing, closed at its top and enclosing the upper part of the cylinders, is e'xtendcd downwards by a separate sheath open at its lower end, enclosing the cylinders and in shape concentric therewith.

l\ y invention has for object to obtain uniform cooling of the cylinders or groups of cylinders, by tlw arrangement employed for t e supplying of the air.delivered by the fan to the difl'erent cylinders of the engine,

as well as for the circulation of the air along the outer surface of each cylinder. 4

My improved system of cooling is characii "led by the provision of a'casing entirely enclosing the fan delivering the air, of conduits of spiral shape integral with said tan casing, adapted to collect the total quantity of air, delivered by the fan,'of

lateral convergent. assages arranged in continuation of said spiral conduits and adapted to lead the said airto the upper part of the cylinder casing, above the cylinders, and of a curved longitudinal wall carried by the upper cylinder casing, adapted to divert the air in a vertical direction downwards upon the cylinders, between the outer walls of thesame and their, cooling ribs and the separate sheath whose shape is :oncentric with the said cylinders.

The vertical cooling .ribs arearranged upon the outer wall of each of the cylinders along generatrices of the latter, in several groups of parallel ribs in each group, the' ribs of each grou being arranged at right angles to the r1 5 of the two adjacent groups, and each rib extending in a single plane without' change of shape or section 65 throughout the whole length of the rib.

This arrangement facilitates the circulation of air with a uniform speed over the whole extent of the cylinders and therefore ensures the desirable coolin of th letter, the passage ways between t e ribs having throughout the same cross section, over the entire height of the cylinders.

Moreover, this arrangement of the cooling ribs facilitates the casting of the cylin'ders.

The annexed drawings represent by way of example a form of construction in which the invention is applied to a verticaL fourcylinder engine.

Figure 1 is a side elevation, partlyin vertical longitudinal section, showing the engine provided 'with the complete cooling system.

Figure 2 is a horizontal line 22 of,Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a front elevation, partly-in vertical transverse section upon line 3-3 of Figure 2.

Figure 4 represents on a larger scale a section upon, line 4-4 of Figure 2. Figures 1 and 2 are views corresponding substantially to Figures 1 and 2, showing a modification.

The cylinders a, with valves placed in the heads or ends at a, are provided externally with ribs a arranged along the generatrices of the cylinders, that is, vertically; these ribs are-divided into groups on eachcylinder (see Fi ure2), the ribs of '9 one group being situatet? at right angles in relation to those of'the adjacent groups. These ribs are continued beyond the cylinders proper, over their heads or ends, and are connected by welding or the like to the. admission socket a and exhaust socket a:

section upon the 75 as a result of this arrangement the ribs provide a very large; surface area, especially at the taper head of the cylinders, due. to the sockets a and a". this being rational because the head formsthe hottest part of ,the

cylinders. Moreover, this arrangement obviates the formationof any blind pointat which the air would be pocketed and prevented from circulating freely.

At the front and top of the engine there is provided acentrifugal fan I) mounted in a casing, comprising a cylindrical portion 0 connected to two delivery passages c c of spiral shape. These passages c 0 are continued by two horizontal ones a 0', converging laterally upon the centre .line of the engine, at the top of the cylinders a, so as to direct the air discharged by the fan upon the ends or heads of the cylinders.

The'faii b, driven from the engine shaft (l by a belt d passing over pulleys d and d? of suitable-ratio, revolves in ballbearings mounted upon an axle which is itself supported,,at the front, by three'arms b b b and, at rear, by a transverse wall 0 connecting the two passages 0 c The operation'of the fan by means-of a belt, in addition to the flexibility and smothness of its working, allows the output of the fan to be always suited to the required cast with the inlet and; exhaust manifolds e e, and it is fixed by bolts e to the flanges cooling of the engine by driving the fan at hi her or lower speed. I

e passages 03 c, are cast integral with a casingQe-of rectangular section enclosing the cylinder heads; this casing-isv likewise of the inlet and'ex'haust ports.

In the passages'c 0*.- there aregarranged,"

obliquely in relation to the direction of motion of the air-blast from the fan, transverse deflectors ff 7, which divide the total quantity of air from the fan bin exact proportion toeach of the'cylinders. The cover 9, whichcloses the top of thecasing,

carries two longitudinal walls, 9 of curved a horizontal direction through the two closingsheath h fitted to the casing 0 whose of the cylinders; moreover, each of the two shape conforms to that of the cylinders Owing to the double air-blast delivered by the spiral shaped passages c c and the continuation passages c '0, thetotalquan tity of air delivered by the fan-is accurately divided into; equal portions on either side halves'is divided by the transverse deflectors f into equal fractions for the several cylinders. The air currents are directed by the deflectors firstly upon the valves, valvechambers and cylinder heads, in such a manner that these parts and thevalve-gear are always exposed to fresh cooling air, and

methodical cooling is thus attained. The ribs a, produce a rectilinear circulation of the air Without eddies up to its point of exit Eli/the bottom of the casing and sheath k, ,af ter it hasabsorbed the required amount ofheat.

On the other hand, as a result of the position of the fan at the top of the cylinders and its setting in'the direction of forward travel of'the vehicle, the fan is placed in the best possible working conditions, especially as regards the powerabsorbed.

The arrangement of the diverting defiectors 9 upon the detachablecover g at the top .of the jacket casin allows by the IGIIIQVfiIl of this cover. rea y accessto the vawfiglandvalve-gear for inspection, cleana ingj and replacement when necessary.

Assho'wn in Fi es land 2 the sure of the air-bast may be utilize YES- for

supplying the carburettor; the casing e is extended at its rear end in the form of a pipe 'i which conveys a, suitable quantity of air under pressure, delivered by the fan 6,

into the carburettor jvconnected by the inlet manifold e to the inlet valve ports.

This arrangement is especially applicable to automobile and aeroplane engines of high speed; t lie carburettor being supplied with air under pressure ensures a proper inlet charge for the cylinders, whatever be the 7 speed of'runningof the engine.

What I claim is:

1. In an air cooling system enclosing the upper part of the cylinders, a

sion of said casing but conforming to the shape of the cylinders and beingv open at its lower end, vertical cooling ribs upon the:

cylinder walls, a fan driven by-theengine and arranged at the upper front part of the engine,. the combination of a casing entirely enclosing said fan, conduits, of. spiral shape. integral With'said fan casing, adapted to collect the total quantity of air delivered for explosion engines for propelling veh cles, comprising an engine, a single casing-closed at. its top i separate sheath forming a downward extenby the fan, lateral convergent passages arranged .in continuation of said spiral c0nduits and adapted to lead the said air to the upper part of the cylinder casing, above the cylinders, and a curved longitudinal wall carriedby the upper cylinder casing adapted to'divert the air-in a verticaldirect'ion downwardsup'on the-cylinders between the outerwallsof tllQSilIl'lQ' and their cooling ribs and the separate sheath enclosing the said ders, for the purpose described. 3

In an air cooling system for explosion engines as claimed in claim 1, the fiHOViSiOH of cooling ribs' upon the outer we of each of the cylinders alonggeneratrices of the 5 latter, arranged in several groups with the ribs in each group parallel, the ribs of each in a single plane wit section throughout the whole length of the rib for the purpose described. I

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

AUGUSTE ALBERT HONORE TESSERANT. Witnesses c P. Ammmun, 

